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Documentation Elastic Block Storage (EBS) Product Introduction Performance indicators

Performance indicators

Last updated：2021-09-22 20:41:27

Performance metrics

The key performance metrics used to evaluate EBS are input/output operations per second (IOPS), throughput, and latency.

IOPS

IOPS indicates the number of read or write operations that can be performed per second. Generally, the IOPS metrics include sequential read IOPS, sequential write IOPS, random read IOPS, and random write IOPS. The following table describes the metrics.

Metric Description Data access method
Total IOPS The total number of I/O operations per second. Randomly and sequentially access locations in hard disks.
Random read IOPS The average number of random read I/O operations per second. Randomly access locations in hard disks.
Random write IOPS The average number of random write I/O operations per second. Randomly access locations in hard disks.
Sequential read IOPS The average number of sequential read I/O operations per second. Sequentially access locations in hard disks.
Sequential write IOPS The average number of sequential write I/O operations per second. Sequentially access locations in hard disks.

Throughput

Throughput indicates the amount of data transmitted per second. Unit: MB/s.

Latency

Latency indicates the time required to process an I/O request. Unit: s, ms, or μs.

EBS performance

Metric SSD volume Enhanced hard disk drive (EHDD) volume
Capacity of a volume (GB) 10–32,000 10–32,000
Maximum IOPS 25,000 ① 5,000
Maximum throughput (MB/s) 256 ① 130
Formula for calculating the IOPS of a volume ② IOPS = min{1,800 + 30 × capacity (GB), 25,000} IOPS = min{1,800 + 8 × capacity (GB), 5,000}
Formula for calculating the throughput of a volume (MB/s) ② min{120 + 0.5 × capacity (GB), 256} min{100 + 0.15 × capacity (GB), 130}
Data reliability 99.9999999% 99.9999999%
Latency Less than 2 ms Less than 5 ms

Note:

  1. The performance of SSD volumes varies with the data block size. The larger the data block, the greater the throughput, and the lower the IOPS. The following table describes the details.
Data block size (KB) Throughput (MB/s) Maximum IOPS
4 About 100 About 25,000
8 About 160 About 25,000
16 About 256 About 16,000
32 About 256 About 9,000
  1. In the following examples, an SSD volume is used as an example to describe how to calculate the IOPS and throughput:
  • The baseline IOPS is 1,800. The IOPS increases by 30 per additional GB of storage. The maximum IOPS is 25,000.
  • The baseline throughput is 120 MB/s. The throughput increases by 0.5 MB/s per additional GB of storage. The maximum throughput is 256 MB/s.
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